Steam boiler and generator



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. G. STEAD.

STEAM BOILER AND GENERATOR.

No. 302,440. Patented July 22, 1884.

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STEAM BOILER AND GENERATOR. No. 302.440. 0 Patented July 22, 1884.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT FrIcE.

JAMES C. STEAD, 'OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK.

STEAM BOILER AND GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 302,440, dated July 22,1884.

' Application filed January 11, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES C. STEAD, of Brooklyn, in Kings county, andthe State of New York, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Steam Boilers or Generators, of which the following is aspecification.

I will first describe a steam boiler or gener ator embodying myimprovement, and then point out the various features of the improve mentin claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is' a longitudinal side view of asteam boiler or generator embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section of a header which may form part thereof. Fig. 3' isa similar view of a header of a modified form. Fig. 4 is a like view ofa header of another modified form. Fig. 5 is a like view of head ershaving certain features in,,common with the header shown in Fig. 4. Fig.6 is a section of a header taken lengthwise of the steam boiler orgenerator, and Fig. 7 is a similar view of a header having certainfeatures different from the one shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8

is a longitudinal side view of a boiler or generator of modified form.

Fig. 9is a sectional front View thereof, and Fig. 10 is a sectional backView of the same.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A designates the furnace of the boiler or generator. The bridge-wallis'surmounted by a drum, B,from which a pipe, P, extends to a drum, 0,arranged near the rear end of the boiler or generator. From the forwardportion of the drum 0 a large pipe, D, extends to a header, E, near thefront of the boiler or generator. There may be more than the one pipe Pand more than the single pipe D, if desirable. The pipe or pipes Dextend at an upward incline to the header E. From the header E two tiersof pipes, F, extend at an' upward incline to a header, E. From theheader E two tiers of pipes, F, extend at an upward incline to a header,E superposed on the header E. From the header E two tiers of pipes, Fextend to a header, E superposed on the header E. Each header may be along casting extending the entire width of the boiler or generatorbetween the side walls,

an .1 may be internally open from end. to end, or it may be composed oftwo or more longi tudinal sections. It will preferably have partitions abetween the top and bottom. If the pipes connected 'to the headers arestaggered, the partitions a will be sinuous, as shown in Fig. 2; but ifthese pipes are tiered or placed one above the other, the saidpartitions may be vertically arranged, as shown in Fig. 3.

Sinuous partitions a may be employed in headers such as are shown inFig. 4, which connect a fewer number of pipes than the headers which areshown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7. The partitions a in any case canextend from the top to the bottom of the headers, or they may stop shortof both the top and bottom.

The header may rest directly on the top of the header E, or it may havecast on its under side a flange or rim, 1), which will rest on theheader E. The header E is supported by the drum 0, and the header E issupported by the header F. Preferably the headers E E will have cast ontheir under sides legs 0,

which will rest on the supports below them.

The heat and products of combustion can pass between these legs. 0.

Legs 0 may be cast on a header such as 1s shown in Fig. 4, connectingbut two rows of pipes, or on headers such as are shown in Fig. 5,severally connecting but two pipes, as well as onheaders such as areshown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7. I

The header E (see Fig. 1) is connected by a pipe or pipes, G, with adrum or separator, H, and the pipe or pipes G may extend to the drum orseparator either above or below the waterline thereof. As shown, theyconnect with it above its water-line. The drum or separator H isconnected by a large pipe or pipes, I, with the drum 0. Preferably theconnection between the pipe or pipes I and the drum or separator is madebelow the water-line of the latter, and the said pipe or pipes willextend to the rear portion of the drum O.

A pipe or pipes, J, may advantageously be employed to establishcommunication between the header E and the end or ends of the drum C, sothat relief will be afforded at the said header when an excessivepressure occurs there. WVhen these pipes J are used, the severalcompartments of the header E must be made to intercommunicate, in orderthat the desired result may be attained. The pipe or pipes J willpreferably have a check-valve or check-valves opening downwardly.

I find that in many cases it is advantageous to extend pipes in paralleltiers, as described, between the headers E E E E, as then the water willpass more quickly to the drum or separator H, and the steam can escapefrom the water more quickly.

The headers may have at the front covers (I, secured by screws or boltsto flanges 0 ex- 7 tending outwardly from the headers, as shown in Fig.7 or to flanges 0 extending inwardly from the headers, as shown in Fig.6. The covers may extend the whole length of the headers or sections ofthe headers, or they may be made smaller, to cover any number of pipes.Indeed ordinary hand hole covers may be used.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10, 0 represents a waterarch, having the doorway forthe furnace A formed in it. Two tiers of pipes, D, lead therefrom to aheader, E, at the rear end of the boiler. From the header E two tiers ofpipes, F, extend at an upward incline to a header, E, at the front ofthe boiler, and from the latter extend, at a reverse upward incline, twotiers of pipes, F,whieh at their rear ends are fastened to a header, EFrom the header two tiers of pipes, F, extend to a header, E", at thefront of the boiler. From the header E" two tiers of pipes extend tolegs or downward extensions II of separators II. From the separators II,near their front ends, pipes I extend downwardly to the water-arch O.

The header E is'provided with a horizon tal perforated diaphragm whichforms a lower passage intercommunicating with the compartments above.Pipes J lead from this lower passage to the water-arch G, and relievethe header of any excessive pressure. The

pipes J will preferably be furnished withdownwardly-openingcheck-Valves. In my boilers the tubes may be either expanded or screwedinto the headers to which they are connected. If the pipes F areexpanded into the extensions H ot'the separators H, holes will beprovided on the rear side of the extensions, through which an expandingimplement may be operated. Such holes would be closed by plugs orhand-holes.

What Iclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination of headers and tiersof reversely-irr clined pipes extending between the headers, andarranged so as to be staggered, said headers having in them sinuouspartitions forming compartments, with each of which compartments two ormore staggered pipes are connected, substantially as specified.

2. I11 a steam boiler or generator, the combination, withreversely-inclined rows of superposed pipes, of headers severallycommunicating with adjacent inclined rows of said pipes, said headershaving in them partitions dividing them into compartments by which theinclined pipes are connected in vertical tiers, the said partitionsstopping short of the top and bottom of the headers, substantially asspecified.- I

JAMES C. STEAD. Vitnesses:

' T. J. KEANE,

LOUIS SCHULTZ.

